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| Gtpapay; | rpe;jidj; Jspfs; | ||||
efuhf;fk;
vd;gJ xg;gPl;L uPjpahf mjpfkhd kf;fs; gy;NtW flikfspd; epkpj;jk; tiuaWf;fg;gl;l
xU ikaj;ij #o;e;j gFjpf;Fs; Ftptjdhy; Vw;gLk; mjpfupg;Ng efuhf;fk; vdyhk;. NkYk;
efuhf;fk; vd;gjw;F ,d;DnkhU Kiwapy; $Wk; NghJ efug;gFjpapy; Vw;gLk;.kpifahd
rdj;njhif ifj;njhopy; Nritj;Jiw vdgdtw;wpd; xd;W Nru;e;j mjpfupg;Ng efuhf;fk;
vdyhk;.
,t;efuhf;fk; mjpfupj;J tUtjw;F gpujhd
fhuzkhf ikaehl;lf;ftu;r;rp njhlu;ghly;fspd; tp];jupg;Gepu;thfj;jpy; Vw;gLk;
Kd;Ndw;wk; ifj;njhopy;fspd; tpUj;jp etPd tq;fp Kiwfs; Nghf;Ftuj;J tiyg;gpd;dy;
etPd re;ij trjpfs; mff;fl;likg;Gf;fspd; mjpfupj;j tpUj;jp fhuzkhf mikfpd;wijf;
fhzyhk;.
Nkw;$wg;gl;l mk;rq;fspd; tpUj;jp fhuzkhf ,d;W cyfpy; gy;NtW efuq;fs;
Njhd;wpAs;sikiaf; fhzyhk;..
®
rpW
efu;fs; - ,tw;wpy; 2000 –
20000 tiuapyhd kf;fs; trpg;gu;.
®
Kj;jpa
efu;fs; - ,tw;wpy; 20000 –
100000 tiuahd kf;fs; trpg;gh;.
®
ngU
efu;fs; - ,tw;wpy; 100000 –
xU kpy;ypad; tiuahd kf;fs; trpg;gu;.
®
nkfh
efu;fs; - gj;J kpy;ypad; - gjpiie;J kpy;ypad; tiuahd kf;fs; trpg;gu;.
®
i`gu; efu;fs;
- ,tw;wpy; gjpiie;J kpy;ypaDf;F Nky; rdj;njhif tho;tjhf fUjg;gLk;.
Nkw;$wg;gl;litfis tpl rpW xl;Lz;zp efu;fSk; cs;sd. ,tw;Ws; Fwpg;ghf
gpuhd;rpd; jiyefuhd ‘gupRf;Fs;’
,tw;wpiif; fhzyhk;.. ‘n]d;nldp];’
‘nry];’ ‘tpd;];d];’ ‘tpy;ydpq;’
vd;gd Fwpg;gplj;jf;fd. NkYk; ,d;W gj;J kpy;ypad; efu;fSf;Fs; Fwpg;ghf Nlhf;fpNah fhqfha; nkf;rpf;Nfh Gtd];rau; epANahu;f; vd;gdTk; Ie;J
kpy;ypad; efu;fSf;Ds; fy;fj;jh ,ypNghu;zpah by;yp vd;gdTk; Fwpg;gplj;jf;fd.
NkYk; efuq;fspd; tsu;r;rpapdhy; gy;NtW #oy;
mguPjq;fSf;Fk; cl;gLfpd;wd. ,e;j tifapy; ,t; efu;fis
ª
eiutsp
efu;fs; - ,tw;Ws; yz;ld;
gpl;];Ngf; nth\pq;ld; rpf;fhf;Nfh vd;gd mlq;Fk;.
ª
fgpy
epw efu;fs; - ,tw;Ws; nkf;rpf;Nfh \pl;dp nld;tu;
vd;gd mlq;Fk;.
ª
fUk;Gif
efu;fs; - fy;fj;jh nkf;rpf;Nfh vd;gdTk; ,tw;Ws; Fwpg;gplj;jf;fd.
Nkw;Fwpg;gpl;l
efu;fspd; efuhf;fg; Nghf;fhdJ tsu;e;j ehLfSf;Fk; tsu;Kf ehLfSf;Fk; ,ilNa gy;NtW
NtWghLfisf; nfhz;like;J fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. Me;j tifapy; tsu;Kf ehLfspy; xd;whd ,e;jpahtpy;
efuhf;fg; Nghf;fpii vLj;Jf;nfhz;lhy; 1992 –
1997 ,w;Fk; ,ilg;gl;l fhyq;fspy; efutsu;r;rp 3.8 tPjkhfTk; fpuhkq;fspd; tsu;r;rp
1.6% MfTk; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.
1991y; nkhj;j efu rdj;njhif 27.8% efu rdj;njhifahfTk; fhzg;gl;lJ. 2001 ,d; juTfspd; gb ,e;jpahtpd;
nkhj;j rdj;njhifapy; efurdj;njhif 285 kpy;ypadhFk;. Fpuhk rdj;mjhif 742
kpy;ypadhfTk; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. NkYk; If;fpa ehLfs; fzpg;gPl;bd; gb
2025,y; 42% MNdhu;
efuq;fspy; tho;thu; vdTk; mj;NjhL 2015,w;Fk; 2020 ,w;Fk; ,ilapy; 3.05% efu rdj;njhif
mjpfupf;f 0.23% fpuhk
rdj;njhif FiwtilAk; vdTk; $wg;gLfpd;wJ.
NkYk; ,yq;ifapd; efurdj;njhifahdJ 1996 ,y;
8kpy;ypadhf fhzg;gl;l efurdj;njhif 2020 ,y; 16 kpy;ypadhFk; vdTk;
njuptpf;fg;gLfpwJ. mj;NjhL ,t;efurdj;njhif mjpfupg;gpy; 5kpy;ypad; kf;fs; Nky;
khfhzj;jpid cs;slf;fpa nfhOk;G fSj;Jiw Nghd;w ,lq;fspy; tho;thu; vdTk; $wg;gLfpd;wJ.
,yq;ifapd; efurdj;njhif tPjkhdJ gpd;tUkhW mike;J fhzg;gLk;.
|
tUlk; |
1975 |
2000 |
2020 |
|
efuk; |
22% |
24% |
32% |
|
fpuhkk; |
78% |
76% |
68% |
mLj;J
tsu;e;j ehLfspd; efuhf;fg;Nghf;fpid vLj;J Nehf;Fifapy; ag;ghdpd;
efuhf;fg;Nghf;fhdJ kpfTk; Jupj fjpapy; tsu;e;J tUtjidf; fhzyhk;. ,q;F 3 NfhbNa
53 ,yl;rk; Ngu; tho;tjidf; fhzyhk;. ,uz;lhtjhf nkf;rpf;Nfh efupy; xU NfhbNa 92 ,yl;rk;
kf;fSk; %d;whtjhf epANahu;f;fpy; xU NfhbNa
85 ,yl;rk; kf;fSk; tho;tjidf; fhzyhk;.
NkYk; tsu;Kf ehLfspYk; tsu;e;j ehLfspYk;
efuhf;fg; Nghf;fhdJ gpd;tUkhW fhzg;gLk;.
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NkYk; ,t;thwhd efuhf;fg;Nghf;fpd; tsu;r;rp
fhuzkhf gy;NtW gpur;rpidfis tsu;e;j> tsu;Kf ehLfs; nghJthf vjpu;Nehf;Ffpd;wd.
Mitahtd:
v
,ltrjpg;gw;whf;Fiw.
v
,d rJf;fy; mjdhy;
Vw;gLk; td;Kiwfs;.
v
Nghf;Ftuj;J
neupry;.
v
#oy; khriljy;.
v
Nritfspd;
tpUj;jp Nghjhik.
v
r%fr;rPu;NfLfs;
mjpfupj;jy;.
vd;gd Fwpg;gplj;jf;fd. cyfpd; jw;Nghija rdj;njhif
650 NfhbahFk;. ,jpy; 320 NfhbNgu; Vw;fdNt efu;g;Gwq;fspy; tho;fpd;wdu;. 2007 Mk;
Mz;by; 500 Nfhbahf caUk; vdTk; vjpu;ghu;f;fg;gLfpwJ. mj;NjhL 5 ,yl;rj;jpw;Fk;
Fiwthd kf;fs; njhifAs;s efuq;fspy; jhd; ngUk;ghd;ikahd kf;fs; tho;fpd;wdu; vdTk;
Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;sJ.
,t;thwhd efuq;fspd; tsu;r;rp tPjk;
mjpfupg;gjhy; efur;#oy; khrile;Js;sJ. Fwpg;ghf cyfpd; 40%khd